Beddelka Sprinting: Waa maxay Beddelka garaaca wadnaha iyo sababta Waveform Fidelity ay u garaacdo saamiga Voltage

Hordhac

Waxay u badan tahay inaad u sawirto transformer-ka sidii qalab bir ah oo si aamusan u socda 230 V ilaa 12 V ee xajiyaha taleefanka. Transformer-ka garaaca wadnaha wuxuu leeyahay shakhsiyad ka soo horjeeda: wuu yar yahay, wuxuu ku socdaa tobanaan kilohertz ilaa megahertz, halkii uu ka bixin lahaa awood joogto ah wuxuu keenaa "sprint" degdeg ah "sprint" oo danab ah ka dibna joogsada. Shaqadeeda oo dhan waa in ay ka guurto hal garaac oo gaaban hal wareeg una guurto mid kale iyada oo la ilaalinayo qaabka garaaca wadnaha - iyo, sida muhiimka ah, iyada oo la ilaalinayo labada wareeg ee koronto ahaan.

Kuwa bilowga ah: qiyaas adigoo fariinta dhex mara gidaarka adigoo isticmaalaya laba qasacadood iyo xadhig. Transformer-ka caadiga ah waa sida isagoo gidaarka ka gudbaya huun joogto ah. Transformer-ka garaaca wadnaha waa sida adigoo garaacaya koodka Morse-ka ee "dhibcaha" - tuubada waa inay timaaddaa fiiqan oo waqtigeeda ah, oo aan la xoqin. Haddi cidhifyadu soo wareegaan, fariintu way luntay.

Mabda'a iyo Noocyada

Transiformer-ka garaaca wadnaha ayaa wali addeeca sharciga Faraday, laakiin waxa loo dhisay calaamadaha ku-meel-gaadhka ah, inta badana hal-xidhaale. Xuddunta (ferrite ama nanocrystalline) oo lagu daray bifilar ama dabaylaha qaybeed ee cidhiidhiga ah waxay ilaalinayaan qulqulka qulqulka dulinka iyo awoodda is-dhex-galka ah ee hooseeya, markaa cidhifyada degdega ah lama soo koobin.

Sababtoo ah darawalku inta badan waa hal dhinac (hadda hal jiho kaliya), qulqulka xudunta u ah wuxuu u socdaa hal jiho waana in dib loo dejiyaa wareeg kasta - ama wuu buuxsamaa. Taasi waa sababta sheyga volt-labaad (ET) - aagga ka hooseeya tamarta aasaasiga ah ee lagu dhufto wakhtiga loogu talagalay - waa xaddidaadda naqshadeynta kaliya ee ugu muhiimsan. Ka gudub iyo xudunta udub dhexaadka u ah, magnetization hadda soo booda, darawalkuna aad buu u kululaaday. Transformers-yada garaaca wadnaha yar-yar ayaa sida caadiga ah lagu qiimeeyaa 50-500 V·µs kala duwan (tusaale, Coilcraft GA3209), halka qaybta albaabka kaxaysa ay u baahan karto 1-3 V·s wakhti dheer.

Noocyada caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah transformers gate-drive ( wadista MOSFET / IGBT gates), Ethernet/PoE Transformers (1: 1, ~ 350 µH, IEEE 802.3at/bt), caafimaadka garaaca garaaca wadnaha sare (X-ray, CT), radar pulse transformers , iyo gariiradda dabka is-hoosaysiiya .

Tusaalaha Codsiga

Inverter MOSFET/IGBT, kontarooluhu waxa uu ku nool yahay dhinaca korantada yar, laakiin shideeyaha korontadu waxa uu sabbeeyaa boqollaal volts. Qalabka garaaca wadnaha ee albaabku wuxuu sido amarka dami-dami ee fiiqan ee xannibaadda go'doominta - ilaa dhowr kV go'doon ah (tusaale, Coilcraft ZG3504: 2800 Vrms, 4000 VDC hipot) - wuxuuna ku keenaa geesaha degdega ah nanosecond si uu beddelku u shido si nadiif ah halkii uu ka lumi lahaa gobolka.

Shuruudaha xulashada injineerada: waafaqid inta jeer ee hawlgalka iyo ballaca garaaca wadnaha; hubi qiimaynta ET (volt-second) ka dhanka ah V_drive × t_on; u dooro korantada go'doominta ee xannibaadda; hoos u dhig DCR iyo daadinta; oo daawo awoodda is-dhex-galka ah, kaas oo dejinaya difaac ku-meel-gaar ah oo caadi ah (CMTI) beddelashada degdegga ah.

Faham-xumada Guud iyo Xaqiiqda Madadaalada

Fikrad khaldan: "Transformer kasta wuxuu dhaafi karaa garaaca wadnaha." Qalabka maqalka ah ee caadiga ah ama beddelka calaamadaha waxaa loogu talagalay laba-cirifoodka AC; ku quudi garaaca wadnaha dheer ee unipolar waxayna ku dheregsan tahay microse seconds sababtoo ah miisaaniyadeeda labaad ee volt-ka waa mid yar. Transformer-ka garaaca wadnaha si gaar ah ayaa loo farsameeyay si aan taas loo samayn.

Xaqiiqo xiiso leh: gariiradda shidda ee ku dhawaad ​​baabuur kasta oo shidaal ah ayaa macno ahaan ah beddelka garaaca wadnaha. Waxay ku kaydisaa tamarta aasaaskeeda, ka dibna waxay ku shubtaa 20-40 kV fidinta dabka. Baabuurkaagu waxa uu ku shaqaynayay fiisigiska garaaca-transformer in ka badan qarni.